Assessment of the Potential for Carbon Dioxide Sequestration Nevada mafic rock isopach map
Table of Contents
IDENTIFICATION_INFORMATION
Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Sturmer, D.M.
Originator: LaPointe, D.D.
Originator: Price, J.G.
Originator: Hess, R.H.
Publication_Date: 2007
Title: Assessment of the Potential for Carbon Dioxide
Sequestration Nevada mafic rock isopach map
Edition: 1
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Map
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Reno, Nevada
Publisher: Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology
Other_Citation_Details:
Online_Linkage: www.nbmg.unr.edu/dox/dox.htm
Larger_Work_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Sturmer, D.M.; LaPointe, D.D.; Price, J.G.; Hess, R.H.
Publication_Date: 2007
Title: Assessment of the Potential for Carbon Dioxide
Sequestration by Reactions with Rocks in Nevada, Report 52
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Reno, Nevada
Publisher: Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology
Online_Linkage: www.nbmg.unr.edu/dox/dox.htm
Description:
Abstract:
One option for decreasing the amount of greenhouse gas that
is added to the atmosphere from the burning of fossil fuels
is to capture carbon dioxide (CO2) and react it with
certain minerals found in rocks. This report investigates
the potential for such carbon sequestration using rocks in
Nevada. There are sufficiently large volumes of basalt (a
rock rich in the oxides of magnesium, iron, and calcium) in
Nevada to consider reaction of those rocks with CO2 from
coal-fired power plants. Reaction
with minerals has theoretical advantages over many other
schemes for carbon sequestration in that it would be
essentially permanent disposal (that is, there would be no
leakage as possibly from geological storage in deep saline
aquifers, oil fields, or other geological environments, and
there would be no threat of loss of CO2 from wildfires, as
with terrestrial sequestration in trees or other biomass).
Nonetheless, the technology for mineral reaction is
unproven. Considerably more research would be needed before
a commercial operation could be seriously considered.
Whereas
there is plenty of basalt in Nevada to meet the CO2
sequestration demands for several large power plants, there
are insufficient quantities of other rock types considered
(serpentinite, iron and manganese ores, wollastonite, and
brucite) to be of significance for sequestering CO2 from a
large power plant. In-situ reaction of CO2 with basalt is
impractical, because the large volume increases that would
result from the creation of carbonates of magnesium, iron,
and calcium would plug up pore spaces. Basalt would
therefore have to be mined. It may make more sense to
locate a coal-fired power plant close to the source of
basalt than to transport mined basalt to an existing plant
that may be located close to a source of coal. Solid waste
products from burning the coal and other waste materials
brought in by rail could be disposed along with the
carbonates created from reacting CO2 with the basalt,
partly in the holes dug to mine the basalt. When
and if commercial viability is demonstrated, those areas
most likely to be of interest in Nevada would be ones with
large volumes of basalt or chemically similar rock near
railroads and major power lines. Those areas would most
likely be northwestern Washoe County; southern Washoe,
Storey, Lyon, Churchill, and Pershing Counties; the
Humboldt lopolith in Churchill and Pershing Counties; the
Battle Mountain area in Lander and Eureka Counties; and
southwestern Mineral and northwestern Esmeralda Counties.
Purpose:
Document the volume of basalts in Nevada.
Supplemental_Information:
Dataset is in UTM Zone 11 projection, NAD 1927, meters.
Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 1977
Ending_Date: 2007
Currentness_Reference: 2007
Status:
Progress: Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned
Spatial_Domain:
Bounding_Coordinates:
West_Bounding_Coordinate: -120.1427
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -113.7952
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.9925
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 34.9902
Keywords:
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Theme_Keyword: Geology
Theme_Keyword: Mafic rocks
Theme_Keyword: Mineral carbonation
Theme_Keyword: Carbon dioxide
Theme_Keyword: carbon dioxide sequestration
Theme_Keyword: Nevada
Theme_Keyword: Ultramafic rocks
Theme_Keyword: Basalt
Place:
Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Place_Keyword: Nevada
Place_Keyword: Washoe County
Place_Keyword: Humboldt County
Place_Keyword: Pershing County
Place_Keyword: Carson City
Place_Keyword: Storey County
Place_Keyword: Lyon County
Place_Keyword: Mineral County
Place_Keyword: White Pine County
Place_Keyword: Elko County
Place_Keyword: Churchill County
Place_Keyword: Esmeralda County
Place_Keyword: Nye County
Place_Keyword: Clark County
Place_Keyword: Lincoln County
Place_Keyword: Lander County
Place_Keyword: Eureka County
Place_Keyword: Douglas County
Access_Constraints:
Although these data have been processed successfully on the
computer system at the Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology,
no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the
accuracy or utility of the data on any system or for
general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of
distribution constitute any such warranty.
This disclaimer applies both to individual use of the data
and aggregate use with other data. It is strongly
recommended that these data be directly acquired from the
Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology. It is also strongly
recommended that careful attention be paid to the contents
of the metadata and readme files associated with this data.
The Nevada Bureau
of Mines and Geology shall not be held liable for improper
use of the data described and/or contained herein.
By using this data you hereby agree to these conditions.
Use_Constraints:
Reference and acknowledge the Nevada Bureau of Mines and
Geology or the specific author in products derived from
this data. Do not reproduce for commercial purposes.
Point_of_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology
Contact_Person: Ronald H. Hess
Contact_Position: Chief Information Officer
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: University of Nevada, Reno MS 178
City: Reno
State_or_Province: Nevada
Postal_Code: 89557-0178
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: (775) 784-6692
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (775) 784-1709
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: rhess@unr.edu
Hours_of_Service: 8 am -3 pm pst
Native_Data_Set_Environment:
ArcView version 3.3 shapefile format
d:\grad\final2\mafic_thick.shp
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DATA_QUALITY_INFORMATION
Attribute_Accuracy:
Attribute_Accuracy_Report:
For model and presentation purposes at 1:500,000 scale or smaller.
Logical_Consistency_Report:
N/A
Completeness_Report:
N/A
Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:
Merged polygon data designed to be used at 1:500,000 scale
or smaller.
Vertical_Positional_Accuracy:
Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report:
N/A
Lineage:
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: John H. Stewart
Originator: John E. Carlson
Originator: Gary L. Raines
Originator: Katherine A. Connors
Originator: Lorre A. Moyer
Originator: Robert J. Miller
Publication_Date: 2003
Title: Spatial digital database for the geologic map of Nevada.
Edition: Version 3
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Menlo Park, California
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
Other_Citation_Details:
Digital Geologic Map of Nevada: USGS Open-File Report
03-66, Digital database, version 3.0, Spatial Digital
Database for the Geologic Map of Nevada, Geology compiled
by John H. Stewart and John E. Carlson; Digital database by
Gary L. Raines, Katherine A. Connors1, Lorre A. Moyer, and
Robert J. Miller, 2003 (map originally published in 1978).
Online_Linkage: HTTP://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/of03-66/
Larger_Work_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: John H. Stewart; John E. Carlson
Publication_Date: 1978
Title: Geologic map of Nevada
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Reston, Virginia
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey and Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology
Online_Linkage: N/A
Source_Scale_Denominator: 500,000
Type_of_Source_Media: digital vector data
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: N/A
Ending_Date: N/A
Source_Currentness_Reference: N/A
Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Bedrock
Source_Contribution:
Areas identified as bedrock mafic and ultramafic units.
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
The procedure for assessing mafic rock volume in the
selected fields involved using existing volume estimates,
existing geologic maps, LANDSAT images, existing thickness
data, air photos, and field reconnaissance. The first step
was to constrain the aerial extent of basalt in the
selected fields using the 1:500,000-scale digital state
geologic map (Stewart and Carlson, 1977) and 92/93 LANDSAT
images (available at
http: HTTP://keck.library.unr.edu/data/landsat/pathrow.html). The
state geologic map was converted from a NAD 1927 projection
to NAD 1983 projection so that 1:24,000-scale digital
orthophotoquads (DOQs) could also be overlain on the
geologic map. The geologic map was set on 60% transparency
and laid over the DOQs in ARCMAP 9.1. Mafic and ultramafic
areas of interest were then redigitized in ARCMAP 9.1 based
on the state geologic map but modified by the color
contrasts seen on the LANDSAT images. Thicknesses
were estimated using a combination of existing data, air
photos, topographic maps, and field photos. Several control
points were chosen for each study area. Estimates for the
dip and percentage of basalt at a control point were taken
from the air photos and geologic maps, and an apparent
thickness was calculated using elevation differences from a
topographic map. Field reconnaissance photography was also
done to help estimate basalt thickness. Photos were taken
(usually at distance) in order to find estimates of percent
basalt and basalt dip at a control point and then combined
with data from a topographic map to calculate thickness. At
each measurement point, true thickness of mafic rock, t,
was estimated using the following formula:
t = f•a•cos(d), where
f = fraction of thickness that is mafic rock (as opposed
to, for example, interbedded tuff);
a = apparent thickness measured from topographic
elevations; and
d = approximate dip of the mafic rocks. Using
the thickness control points, we then contoured the areas
containing mafic rocks with a 30 meter contour interval,
with the exception of the Humboldt lopolith (100 meter
contour interval). The digitized lines and points were
converted into polygons in ARC Catalog, and the newly
created shape file with basalt thickness polygons was
brought back into ARCMAP 9.1. In order to calculate the
volume, the area of each polygon was multiplied by the
basalt thickness for that polygon and converted from m3 to
km3. The thickness values given for each polygon are the
average of the bounding thickness contours. When there is
only one bounding contour (thickest sections), the
thickness used is a pre-existing maximum thickness estimate
(if one exists) or 15 m greater than the highest contour
(if a maximum thickness estimate does not exist). Because
this procedure does not involve actually measuring
sections, it probably has a fair amount of error associated
with it, such that thickness estimates are probably good to
one significant figure. This error will propagate through
to the volume calculation so that the volumes are only
accurate to one significant figure. For the purposes of
this report, that is acceptable, but if and when basalt is
going to be used to sequester CO2 in Nevada, the field
should be studied in more detail to generate more accurate
volume estimates.
Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Mafic
Process_Date: 2007
Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: N/A
Process_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Organization: Department of Geological Sciences and Engineering
Contact_Person: Daniel M. Sturmer
Contact_Position: Graduate Research Assistant
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: University of Nevada, Reno MS172
City: Reno
State_or_Province: Nevada
Postal_Code: 89557-0172
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: (775) 745-2909
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (775) 784-1709
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sturmerd@unr.nevada.edu
Hours_of_Service: 8 am to 3 pm pst
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SPATIAL_DATA_ORGANIZATION_INFORMATION
Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector
Point_and_Vector_Object_Information:
SDTS_Terms_Description:
SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: GT-polygon composed of chains
Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 604
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SPATIAL_REFERENCE_INFORMATION
Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
Planar:
Grid_Coordinate_System:
Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator
Universal_Transverse_Mercator:
UTM_Zone_Number: 11
Transverse_Mercator:
Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600
Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -117.000000
Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000000
False_Easting: 500000.000000
False_Northing: 0.000000
Planar_Coordinate_Information:
Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: Coordinate pair
Coordinate_Representation:
Abscissa_Resolution:
Ordinate_Resolution:
Planar_Distance_Units: Meters
Geodetic_Model:
Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1927
Ellipsoid_Name: Clarke 1866
Semi-major_Axis: 6378206.4000000
Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 294.98
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ENTITY_AND_ATTRIBUTE_INFORMATION
Overview_Description:
Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
Shape System field for polygon coverage
Objectid Key ID field used to link thickness calculation tables to polygons
Geology_ty Unit ID and upper bounding thickness contour value in meters
Shape_leng Length of polygon arc in meters
Shape_area Area of polygon in square meters
Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation:
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DISTRIBUTION_INFORMATION
Distributor:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology
Contact_Person: Ronald H. Hess
Contact_Position: Chief Information Officer
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: University of Nevada, Reno MS178
City: Reno
State_or_Province: Nevada
Postal_Code: 89557-0178
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: (775) 784-6692
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (775) 784-1709
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: rhess@unr.edu
Hours_of_Service: 8 am to 3 pm pst
Resource_Description:
Digital coverage in shape file format, UTM zone 11 - NAD
27, projection, showing areas of mafic rock in Nevada.
Distribution_Liability:
Requestor hereby releases the Nevada Bureau of Mines and
Geology, University of Nevada, Reno, their agents,
consultants, contractors or employees from any and all
claims, actions, or causes of action for damages including,
but not
limited to any costs of recovering, reprogramming or
reproducing any programs or data stored in or used with
this data, damage to property, damages for personal injury
or for any lost profits, lost savings, or other special,
incidental or consequential damages arising out of the use
of or inability to use this data, even if said parties have
been advised of the possibility of such damage. Requestor
agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Nevada Bureau of
Mines and Geology, University of Nevada, Reno, their
agents, consultants, contractors and employees from any and
all liability claims or damages to any person arising from
or connected with the use of this data.
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METADATA_REFERENCE_INFORMATION
Metadata_Date: 2007
Metadata_Review_Date: 2007
Metadata_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology
Contact_Person: Daniel M. Sturmer
Contact_Position: Graduate Research Assistant
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: Mailing and physical address
Address: University of Nevada, Reno MS172
City: Reno
State_or_Province: Nevada
Postal_Code: 89557-0172
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: (775) 745-2909
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (775) 784-1709
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sturmerd@unr.nevada.edu
Hours_of_Service: 8 am to 3 pm pst
Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC CSDGM
Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
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